21/06/2006

HTML TAGS

The HTML tags are not Case Specific. We can use the tags in CAPS or in small letters.

<HTML> Declares text that follows. Defines an HTML web page. A closing tag is required and is given as </HTML>.

<HEAD> Defines Header area of a web page; not displayed in a Browser. A closing tag is required and is given as </HEAD>.

<STYLE> Used within the <HEAD>, <BODY> tags to specify style elements for various tags to be used throughout the page.

Example:

<Head><Style> H2 {Text Align:"Center" Color:"Cyan"} <p> {Text-Indent:"+10%"} </Style></Head>

By creating a Style sheet file that contains multiple style definitions, the file can be referenced in any HTML web page. This file is a plain text file with a '.css' extension. Use a <Link> tag to reference the style sheet file.

<TITLE> Text between this tag is displayed in the Title bar of the Browser . In an IE page Title serves as a default name when saved as a Favourite location. Closing tag is required </TITLE>

<BODY> The actual contents of the web page that are to be displayed in the Browser are written inside this tag which requires a closing tag </BODY>.

<p> Paragraph tag which marks the beginning of a new paragraph. Align attributes are Left, Right, Center. Default is Left. Closing tag </p> is optional. Browser will insert extra space between <p> tags.

<COMMENT> Create descriptive comments which will be ignored by the Browser in IE. Other Browsers use <!- ... -> as the comment tag.

<PRE> Text is displayed in a fixed width font. Pre formatted tag in which extra spaces, blank lines, hard returns in HTML code do count. it makes code easier to read, interpret. This tag instructs a Browser to display text in a mono spaced font that allows to align text.

<BR> This tag is used to wrap text that follows on to a new line without inserting space between lines. this is a line break tag. Closing tag not required.

<HR> A horizontal line stretches from the left side to the right side of the page when this tag is used. HR tag is called a horizontal rule. It is an effective way to separate sections within a web page. The attributes are size in pixels, width in %.

<H1> Heading tag which is displays text size in 6 levels from <H1> to <H6>.

Character formatting tags:

<ADDRESS> Displays web page Author information such as Page URL, Name, Date.

<I> Text is shown in Italics.

<EM> <B> <STRONG> Text is displayed in Bold.

<S> Text is displayed in strike through format.

<U> Text is shown as an underlined text.

<Bgcolor> Sets the color attributes for the web page.

<Background> Attribute allows a picture or image to be set as the background of a web page.

 

Browsers display pages using default color a white background with black text.

 

The Anchor tag <a> defines a hyperlink within a web page. It contains a text or image to activate a URL. Reference to the target of a link can be Relative or Absolute.

 

An Absolute target is the physical location of the file and includes the usual host, domain. File Name always points to the same file in same location. example: http://www.sample.com/helpindex.htm.

 

A Relative target is one in which a link is stored in a location relative to the page that contains the link example: "helpindex.htm". In case of change of location and directory/ folder structure of the site relative reference is always useful.

 

Named target is used locally within a web page. example: Top page.

 

Image map: A variation of image hyperlink. A single image that contains multiple hyperlinks which have a defined area of that image called hotspot which activates the link.

 

<IMG> Inline Image: Include images, pictures in any web page instead of viewing the image separately in Browser using <Img> tag. Example: <Img src="  ">. Attributes of Image tags are optional. Alternate text is used when a Browser cannot display the graphic image. ALT displays the text in place of image.

 

Sizing of image is done using width, height attributes. Align image using align attribute options Left, Right, Center. Use Top, Bottom, Middle attribute to align text with image.

 

<OL> This tag gives an Ordered List for displaying text prefaced with numbers.

<UL> This tag is Unordered list tag which prefaced with bullets.

<L1> Nested lists can be created using this tag. Use this tag in both <OL> and <UL> tags and this tag requires a closing tag </L1>.

 

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This site was last updated 06/21/06